In just over a decade, Estonia has rapidly evolved from a newcomer in the global space community to a key player in space exploration and technology. At the recent IAF Global Space Leaders’ Summit, Estonia shared its exciting journey, achievements, and future plans for space development, highlighting its commitment to using space capabilities to improve life on Earth.
Madis Võõras, Head of Estonian Space Office (ESA) shares his thoughts about Estonian space journey so far and the plans for the future.
The beginnings of Estonia’s space journey
Estonia’s official entry into the space sector began in 2007 with the signing of a cooperation agreement with the European Space Agency – ESA. Fast forward to 2013, and Estonia launched its first satellite, ESTcube-1, marking a significant milestone in its space capabilities. By 2015, Estonia had achieved full ESA membership, positioning itself as an established space nation.
Telescope at Tartu Observatory. Photo: Renee Altrov
Estonian contributions to space research are notable, including the development of the MyotonPRO instrument, which was used aboard the International Space Station (ISS) in 2018 to study space physiology.
Additionally, Estonia operates an ESA Business Incubation Centre and runs a dedicated Earth Observation data hub, ESTHub, serving as the backbone of the country’s space data efforts.
Model of ESTCube-2. Photo: Renee Altrov
Estonia’s focus on cybersecurity in space
One of the defining elements of Estonia’s space agenda is cybersecurity.
After experiencing a major cyberattack in 2007, Estonia prioritized the protection of its digital and space infrastructure. Today, cybersecurity in space is a key focus of Estonia’s Space Policy and Program (2020-2027), especially as global security concerns intensify in light of the ongoing war in Ukraine.
Estonia’s strong emphasis on cyber resilience led to the creation of the Software Defined Space Conference in 2021, a pioneering event that highlights the importance of cybersecurity in space technologies. This year, the event takes place 29.-31 Oct, in Tallinn.
In collaboration with ESA ARTES, Estonian companies are actively working on creating space cyber ranges, which are vital for defending space assets and ensuring the safety of critical space-based infrastructure.
Space innovation and sustainability
Estonia believes in the power of technological exchange between Earth and space, a concept known as the “spin-in effect”. This includes adapting innovative Earth technologies for space applications and vice versa.
The nation continues to explore advancements in artificial intelligence and robotics for space missions while simultaneously focusing on developing solutions that improve life on Earth.
Estonia is also deeply invested in space sustainability, including the vital task of managing and tracking space debris. The country’s ongoing projects aim to improve access to space-related data, foster the growth of space-focused startups, and promote collaboration on a global scale.
Satellite Mission Control Centre at Tartu Observatory. Photo: Renee Altrov
Looking to the future
With the upcoming Estonian space law in its final stages, Estonia is poised to further solidify its role as a leader in space technology and governance. The country is committed to maintaining a strong presence in space innovation, cybersecurity, and international cooperation. Estonia is excited about the future of space and looks forward to forging new partnerships to enhance its space capabilities.
Whether it’s defending our digital future or pushing the boundaries of space exploration, Estonia is ready to lead the charge.
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